外周血生物标志物在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断中的价值

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2024.04.010

阿尔茨海默病（AD）是引起老年痴呆症的最常见病因，早期诊断对其改善病情、延缓进展非常重要。然而目前的临床确诊方式中，脑脊液检测为有创操作，β-淀粉样蛋白（Aβ）或Tau-PET 检查费用高昂，限制了其临床应用的普及。近年来，随着超敏检测技术的应用，发现血液中淀粉样蛋白和磷酸化Tau蛋白的浓度与脑脊液中的浓度以及Aβ/Tau-PET扫描结果有很好的相关性。此外，神经退行性变的血液生物标志物，如神经丝轻链和胶质纤维酸性蛋白，可反映AD 早期病理损伤，能用来预测疾病进展和监测治疗效果。本文围绕AD的血液生物标志物在AD早期诊断中的价值及研究进展进行综述，以提高对血液生物标志物在AD诊疗中的认识，并为其应用于临床提供指导。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 血液生物标志物, 超灵敏检测技术, 早期诊断

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia.Early diagnosis is very important for improving the condition and delaying the progression of AD.However, the current clinical diagnosis requires invasive cerebrospinal fluid detection or expensive amyloid β (Aβ)/Tau-PET examination, which limits the clinical popularization.In recent years, with the application of hypersensitive detection techniques, it has been found that the concentrations of amyloid and phosphorylated Tau in blood correlate well with those in cerebrospinal fluid and the Aβ/Tau-PET scan results.In addition, blood biomarkers of neurodegeneration, such as neurofilament light chains and glial fibrillary acidic protein,can reflect early pathological damage in AD,which can be used to predict disease progression and monitor treatment response.Therefore, this article reviews the research progress of blood biomarkers for AD, in order to improve the understanding of blood biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of AD,and provide guidance for their application in the early diagnosis of AD.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, Blood biomarkers, Ultrasensitive detection technology, Early diagnosis

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Value of peripheral blood biomarkers in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

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Value of peripheral blood biomarkers in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer&apos;s disease

Value of peripheral blood biomarkers in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease