Research progress of freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease

doi:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2019.04.012

Abstract

Abstract:

Freezing of gait (FOG) is the most common abnormal gait in Parkinson’s disease (PD), which mostly occurs in the middle and late stage of the disease, leading to falling down and injury. The etiology of FOG is still unclear, and clinical evidences show that FOG is associated with anxiety, depression, cognitive impairment and other non-motor symptoms in PD patients. Rehabilitation therapy has some effect, to patients who respond poorly to drug treatments. Early recognition and intervention in FOG can reduce disability rate and improve prognosis. This article reviews the research progress of pathogenesis, evaluation methods, relationship with non-motor symptoms and treatment of FOG in PD.

Key words: Parkinson’s disease, Freezing of gait, Pathogenesis

Mingzhu Feng, Lifang Zhang, Yuanfei Deng. Research progress of freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2019, 09(04): 239-242.

/ / Recommend

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://zhnkjbykfzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2019.04.012

https://zhnkjbykfzz.cma-cmc.com.cn/EN/Y2019/V09/I04/239

References 45

[1]	Giladi N,Nieuwboer A. Understanding and treating freezing of gait in parkinsonism, proposed working definition, and setting the stage[J]. Mov Disord, 2008, 23 Suppl 2: S423-S425.
[2]	Nutt JG,Bloem BR,Giladi N, et al. Freezing of gait: moving forward on a mysterious clinical phenomenon[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2011, 10(8): 734-744.
[3]	Giladi N,Kao R,Fahn S. Freezing phenomenon in patients with parkinsonian syndromes[J]. Mov Disord, 1997, 12(3): 302-305.
[4]	Jankovic J. Gait disorders[J]. Neurol Clin, 2015, 33(1): 249-268.
[5]	Lewis SJ,Shine JM. The next step: a common neural mechanism for freezing of gait[J]. Neuroscientist, 2016, 22(1): 72-82.
[6]	Vastik M,Hok P,Valosek J, et al. Freezing of gait is associated with cortical thinning in mesial frontal cortex[J]. Biomed Pap, 2017, 161(4): 389-396.
[7]	Wang M,Jiang S,Yuan Y, et al. Alterations of functional and structural connectivity of freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. J Neurol, 2016, 263(8): 1583-1592.
[8]	Zhou C,Zhong X,Yang Y, et al. Alterations of regional homogeneity in freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. J Neurol Sci, 2018, 387: 54-59.
[9]	Bharti K,Suppa A,Pietracupa S, et al. Abnormal cerebellar connectivity patterns in patients with parkinson’s disease and freezing of gait[J]. Cerebellum, 2019, 18(3): 298-308.
[10]	Bohnen NI,Kanel P,Zhou Z, et al. Cholinergic system changes of falls and freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Ann Neurol, 2019, 85(4): 538-549.
[11]	Gilat M,Ehgoetz Martens KA,Miranda-Dominguez O, et al. Dysfunctional limbic circuitry underlying freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Neuroscience, 2018, 374: 119-132.
[12]	Cremers J,Ba RP,Delvaux V, et al. Construction and validation of the dynamic parkinson gait scale (DYPAGS)[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2012, 18(6): 759-764.
[13]	Snijders AH,Haaxma CA,Hagen YJ, et al. Freezer or non-freezer: clinical assessment of freezing of gait[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2012, 18(2): 149-154.
[14]	Nonnekes J,Snijders AH,Nutt JG, et al. Freezing of gait: a practical approach to management[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2015, 14(7): 768-778.
[15]	Pham TT,Moore ST,Lewis SJG, et al. Freezing of gait detection in parkinson’s disease: a subject-independent detector using anomaly scores[J]. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2017, 64(11): 2719-2728.
[16]	Nieuwboer A,De Weerdt W,Dom R, et al. A frequency and correlation analysis of motor deficits in Parkinson patients[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 1998, 20(4): 142-150.
[17]	Takakusaki K,Tomita N,Yano M. Substrates for normal gait and pathophysiology of gait disturbances with respect to the basal ganglia dysfunction[J]. J Neurol, 2008, 255 Suppl 4: 19-29.
[18]	Rodríguez-Martín D,Samà A,Pérez-López C, et al. Home detection of freezing of gait using support vector machines through a single waist-worn triaxial accelerometer[J]. PloS One, 2017, 12(2): e0171764.
[19]	Gómez-Jordana LI,Stafford J,Peper CLE, et al. Crossing virtual doors: a new method to study gait impairments and freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Parkinsons Dis, 2018, 2018: 2957427.
[20]	Cowie D,Limousin P,Peters A. Insights into the neural control of locomotion from walking through doorways in parkinson’s disease[J]. Neuropsychologia, 2010, 48(9): 2750-2757.
[21]	Yao ZW,Shao Y,Han X. Freezing of gait is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with parkinson disease[J]. Neurosci Lett, 2017, 656: 126-130.
[22]	Herman T,Shiratzky SS,Arie L, et al. Depressive symptoms may predict the future development of freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson’s disease: Findings from a 5-year prospective study[J]. Mov Disord, 2018, 33(S2): S738-S739.
[23]	McKay JL,Goldstein FC,Factor SA. Anxiety and depression are associated with levodopa-responsive freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Ann Neurol, 2018, 84(Suppl 22): S202.
[24]	Banks SJ,Bayram E,Shan G, et al. Non-motor predictors of freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease[J]. Gait Posture, 2019, 68: 311-316.
[25]	Herman T,Shema-Shiratzky S,Arie L, et al. Depressive symptoms may increase the risk of the future development of freezing of gait in patients with parkinson’s disease: findings from a 5-year prospective study[J]. Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 2019, 60: 98-104.
[26]	Pimenta M,Moreira D,Nogueira T, et al. Anxiety independently contributes to severity of freezing of gait in people with parkinson’s disease[J]. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2019, 31(1): 80-85.
[27]	Kalia LV,Lang AE. Parkinson’s disease[J]. Lancet, 2015, 386(9996): 896-912.
[28]	Rahman S,Griffin HJ,Quinn NP, et al. Quality of life in parkinson’s disease: the relative importance of the symptoms[J]. Mov Disord, 2008, 23(10): 1428-1434.
[29]	Ikeda K,Hirayama T,Takazawa T, et al. Transdermal patch of rotigotine attenuates freezing of gait in patients with parkinson’s disease: an open-label comparative study of three non-ergot dopamine receptor agonists[J]. Internal Med, 2016, 55(19): 2765-2769.
[30]	Huang C,Chu H,Zhang Y, et al. Deep brain stimulation to alleviate freezing of gait and cognitive dysfunction in parkinson’s disease: update on current research and future perspectives[J]. Front Neurosci, 2018, 12: 29.
[31]	de Lima-Pardini AC,Coelho DB,Souza CP, et al. Effects of spinal cord stimulation on postural control in parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait[J]. Elife, 2018, 7. pii: e37727.
[32]	Dagan M,Herman T,Harrison R, et al. Multitarget transcranial direct current stimulation for freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J].Mov Disord, 2018, 33(4): 642-646.
[33]	Kim MS,Chang WH,Cho JW, et al. Efficacy of cumulative high-frequency rTMS on freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Restor Neurol Neurosci, 2015, 33(4): 521-530.
[34]	Lu CH,Huffmaster SLA,Tuite PJ, et al. Effect of cue timing and modality on gait initiation in parkinson disease with freezing of gait[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98(7): 1291-1299.
[35]	Barthel C,Nonnekes J,van Helvert M, et al. The laser shoes: a new ambulatory device to alleviate freezing of gait in Parkinson disease[J]. Neurology, 2018, 90(2): e164-e171.
[36]	Nuic D,Vinti M,Karachi C, et al. The feasibility and positive effects of a customised videogame rehabilitation programme for freezing of gait and falls in Parkinson’s disease patients: a pilot study[J]. J Neuroeng Rehabil, 2018, 15(1): 31.
[37]	Pelosin E,Barella R,Bet C, et al. Effect of group-based rehabilitation combining action observation with physiotherapy on freezing of gait in parkinson’s disease[J]. Neural Plast, 2018, 2018: 4897276.
[38]	Alwardat M,Etoom M. Effectiveness of robot-assisted gait training on freezing of gait in people with Parkinson disease: evidence from a literature review[J]. J Exerc Rehabil, 2019, 15(2): 187-192.
[39]	Terrens AF,Soh SE,Morgan PE. The efficacy and feasibility of aquatic physiotherapy for people with Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review[J]. Disabil Rehabil, 2018, 40(24): 2847-2856.
[40]	Palamara G,Gotti F,Maestri R, et al. Land plus aquatic therapy versus land-based rehabilitation alone for the treatment of balance dysfunction in parkinson disease: a randomized controlled study with 6-month follow-up[J]. Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 2017, 98(6): 1077-1085.
[41]	Sato D,Yamashiro K,Onishi H, et al. The effect of water immersion on short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials in human[J]. BMC Neurosci, 2012, 13: 13.
[42]	Barela AM,Duarte M. Biomechanical characteristics of elderly individuals walking on land and in water[J]. J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2008, 18(3): 446-454.
[43]	Torres-Ronda L,Del Alcázar XS. The properties of water and their applications for training[J]. J Hum Kinet, 2014, 44: 237-248.
[44]	Zhu Z,Yin M,Cui L, et al. Aquatic obstacle training improves freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease patients: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Clin Rehabil, 2018, 32(1): 29-36.
[45]	Clerici I,Maestri R,Bonetti F, et al. Land plus aquatic therapy versus land-based rehabilitation alone for the treatment of freezing of gait in parkinson disease: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Phys Ther, 2019, 99(5): 591-600.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export