Essential tremor (ET) is traditionally defined as a monosymptomatic disorder has been questioned, as there is increasing evidence that it is not a unique entity, but a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, it is often associated with cognitive deficits and emotional disorders, cognitive function such as the ability of attention, executive functions, memory decreased in ET, and the patients always suffered from depression and anxiety, the ET disease itself involved the abnormality of neuroimaging, electrophysiological, pathological studies, cognitive and mood function. This paper reviewed the recently progress of ET in diagnosis and treatment.