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中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版) ›› 2021, Vol. 11 ›› Issue (06) : 370 -374. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2021.06.011

综述

外泌体miRNA在脑胶质瘤中的诊断、治疗和预后的研究进展
赵小玉1, 李彦东1, 吴昊1, 范海1, 吕明月1, 沈宇晟1, 盛成俊1, 曾加1, 吴徐超1, 朱国华1,(), 更·党木仁加甫1   
  1. 1. 830054 乌鲁木齐,新疆医科大学第一附属医院神经外科中心
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-23 出版日期:2021-12-15
  • 通信作者: 朱国华
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2018D01A53)

Research progress on exosome miRNA in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of glioma

Xiaoyu Zhao1, Yandong Li1, Hao Wu1, Hai Fan1, Mingyue Lyu1, Yusheng Shen1, Chengjun Sheng1, Jia Zeng1, Xuchao Wu1, Guohua Zhu1,(), Dangmurenjiafu Geng1   

  1. 1. Department of Neurosurgery Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China
  • Received:2021-09-23 Published:2021-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Guohua Zhu
引用本文:

赵小玉, 李彦东, 吴昊, 范海, 吕明月, 沈宇晟, 盛成俊, 曾加, 吴徐超, 朱国华, 更·党木仁加甫. 外泌体miRNA在脑胶质瘤中的诊断、治疗和预后的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2021, 11(06): 370-374.

Xiaoyu Zhao, Yandong Li, Hao Wu, Hai Fan, Mingyue Lyu, Yusheng Shen, Chengjun Sheng, Jia Zeng, Xuchao Wu, Guohua Zhu, Dangmurenjiafu Geng. Research progress on exosome miRNA in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of glioma[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2021, 11(06): 370-374.

胶质瘤是一种源自神经外胚层胶质细胞的最突出的侵袭性脑恶性肿瘤,是最常见的原发性颅内肿瘤之一。外泌体是细胞通过胞吐分泌的直径为30~150 nm的盘状小泡,几乎所有类型的细胞都分泌外泌体,其广泛存在于血液、尿液、唾液、脑脊液和其他细胞外液中。外泌体包括蛋白质、脂质、microRNA (miRNA)、信使RNA和DNA,其中仅miRNA具有低免疫原性、低毒性、血流稳定性,由于其出色的介导细胞间通讯的能力,尤其是在脑肿瘤进展中,成为了一种有前途的治疗和诊断工具。目前,越来越多的miRNA被发现参与到胶质瘤的发生进展、诊断、治疗和预后的过程中。本文围绕外泌体miRNA在脑胶质瘤的诊断、治疗和预后中的作用综述如下。

Glioma is one of the most common primary intracranial tumors, which is the most prominent invasive brain tumor derived from neuroectodermal glia. Exosomes are discoid vesicles with a diameter of 30-150 nm secreted by cells through exocytosis. Almost all types of cells secrete exosomes, which are widely present in blood, urine, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid and other extracellular fluids. Exosomes include proteins, lipids, microRNA (miRNA), messenger RNA and DNA. Only miRNA has low immunogenicity, low toxicity and blood flow stability. Therefore, it has become a promising therapeutic and diagnostic tool because of its excellent ability to mediate intercellular communication, especially in the progression of brain tumors. At present, more and more miRNAs are found to be involved in the pathogenesis, progression, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of the glioma. This review will introduce the role of exosome miRNA in the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of glioma.

表1 外泌体miRNA在胶质瘤诊断、治疗和预后中的具体作用
microRNA 目的基因 表达状态 诊断意义 生物作用 预后意义 参考文献
miR-29a Hbp1 上调 调节免疫抑制微环境 [4]
miR-92a Prkar1a 上调 调节免疫抑制微环境 [4]
miR-10a RORA,PTEN 上调 调节免疫抑制微环境 [5]
miR-21 RORAPTENVEGFc-Myc 上调 调节免疫抑制微环境,促进增殖和免疫抑制 [5,24,26,28,30,39]
miR-26a PTEN 上调 促进血管生成 [6]
miR-148a CADM1 下调 促进增殖和转移 [7]
miR-133b EZH2 下调 抑制增殖、侵袭和迁移 [8]
miR-199a AGAP2 下调 抑制增殖、侵袭,增强化学治疗敏感性 [9]
miR-1587 NCOR1 下调 增加致瘤性 [10]
miR-301a TCEAL7 上调 提高放射治疗抗性 [11,40]
miR-1238 CAV1 上调 促进增殖、迁移和替莫唑胺抗性 [12]
miR-9 COL18A1THBS2PTCH1PHD3 上调 增加血管生成 [23]
miR-222   上调 - [24]
miR-124a FOXA2 上调 使胶质瘤细胞活力和克隆原性显著降低 [27]
miR-451 c-Myc 上调 促进增殖和免疫抑制 [28,41]
miR-221   上调 促进增殖、迁移和替莫唑胺抗性 [29,40]
miR-103   上调 - [30]
miR-24   上调 - [30]
miR-125   上调 - [30]
miR-1290   上调 调节免疫抑制微环境 [32]
miR-1246   上调 调节免疫抑制微环境 [32]
miR-375 SLC31A1 下调 抑制神经胶质瘤进展 [33]
miR-454-3p ATG12 下调 - [34]
miR-146b EGFRNF-κB 下调 减少胶质瘤在体内的生长 [36]
miR-124 CDK6 下调 抑制胶质瘤增殖,迁移,并具有化学治疗敏感性 [37]
miR-151a XRCC4 上调 增强对替莫唑胺的化学敏感性 [39]
miR-584-5p CYP2J2 上调 抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖转移 [42]
miR-214 PCBP2 上调 抑制胶质瘤细胞增殖生长 [43]
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