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中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (05) : 285 -291. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2024.05.004

临床研究

重型创伤性脑损伤患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的影响因素分析
王如海1, 王绅2, 张敏3, 李春1,(), 韩超1, 于强1, 胡海成1, 李习珍1   
  1. 1.236000 阜阳,阜阳师范大学附属第二医院(阜阳市第五人民医院)神经外科
    2.730000 兰州,兰州大学第一临床医学院
    3.236112 阜阳,安徽医科大学附属阜阳医院检验科
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-01 出版日期:2024-10-15
  • 通信作者: 李春
  • 基金资助:
    阜阳市卫生健康委科研项目(FY2021-081、FY2023-019)阜阳师范大学横向医学研究专项项目(2024FYNUEY05)

Analysis of influencing factors of short-term mortality risk in patients with severe traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniectomy

Ruhai Wang1, Shen Wang2, Min Zhang3, Chun Li1,(), Chao Han1, Qiang Yu1, Haicheng Hu1, Xizhen Li1   

  1. 1.Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fuyang Normal University (Fuyang Fifth People's Hospital), Fuyang 236000, China
    2.the First School of Clinical Medicine,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000, China
    3.Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236112, China
  • Received:2024-03-01 Published:2024-10-15
  • Corresponding author: Chun Li
引用本文:

王如海, 王绅, 张敏, 李春, 韩超, 于强, 胡海成, 李习珍. 重型创伤性脑损伤患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的影响因素分析[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(05): 285-291.

Ruhai Wang, Shen Wang, Min Zhang, Chun Li, Chao Han, Qiang Yu, Haicheng Hu, Xizhen Li. Analysis of influencing factors of short-term mortality risk in patients with severe traumatic brain injury after decompressive craniectomy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 14(05): 285-291.

目的

探讨重型创伤性脑损伤(sTBI)患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的影响因素。

方法

回顾性分析阜阳师范大学附属第二医院神经外科自2018年1月至2023年10月行去骨瓣减压治疗的154 例sTBI 患者的临床资料。根据sTBI 患者术后14 d 内是否死亡将患者分为死亡组和存活组。通过单因素分析及多因素Logistic 回归分析,揭示sTBI 患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的独立影响因素。使用受试者特征工作(ROC)曲线及曲线下面积(AUC)评价不同影响因素对短期死亡风险的预测能力。

结果

154 例sTBI 患者中,51 例患者在术后14 d 内死亡,纳入死亡组,短期死亡发生率为33.1%,余103 例生存患者纳入存活组。死亡组患者的入院时间、入院GCS评分、脑疝、创伤性脑梗死(PTCI)、血小板计数、血清总钙水平、血糖水平、肌酸激酶MB 同工酶(CK-MB)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)与存活组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,入院GCS 评分、PTCI、TT是短期死亡风险发生的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,入院GCS评分、PTCI、TT单独及联合预测短期死亡风险的AUC分别为0.806、0.697、0.715、0.896,其中3项指标联合预测的AUC 和特异度高于单独预测。

结论

入院GCS评分、PTCI、TT联合应用能提高sTBI患者短期死亡风险的预测价值,临床实践中及时采取有效的干预措施,有助于改善患者的预后。

Objective

To investigate influencing factors of short-term mortality risk in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) after decompressive craniectomy.

Methods

Clinical data of 154 sTBI patients after decompressive craniectomy admitted to Neurosurgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fuyang Normal University (Fuyang Fifth People's Hospital) from January 2018 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The sTBI patients were divided into the death group and the survival group based on whether they died within 14 d after operation. Independent influencing factors for short-term mortality risk in sTBI patients after decompressive craniectomy were revealed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the ability of different influencing factors to predict the short-term mortality risk.

Results

Among 154 sTBI patients, 51 cases died within 14 d after operation and were included in the death group, and the incidence of short-term mortality risk was 33.1%, the remaining 103 surviving patients were included in the survival group. There were statistically significant differences in admission time, GCS score on admission, cerebral hernia, posttraumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI), platelet count, serum total calcium concentration, blood glucose level, level of creatine kinase MB isoenzyme (CK-MB), level of fibrinogen (FIB), prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and thrombin time (TT) between the two groups (P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS score on admission, PTCI, TT were independent influencing factors for short-term mortality risk (P<0.05). The ROC curve analysis results showed that the AUC values of admission GCS score, PTCI, TT alone and in combination for predicting short-term mortality risk were 0.806, 0.697, 0.715, 0.896, respectively. Among them, the AUC and specificity predicted by the combination of three indicators were higher than those predicted separately.

Conclusion

The combination of admission GCS score, PTCI, and TT can improve the predictive value of short-term mortality risk in sTBI patients. In clinical practice, effective intervention measures should be taken in time to improve the prognosis of patients.

表1 2组患者的临床资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of clinical data between two groups
项目 死亡组(n=51) 存活组(n=103) χ 2/t/Z P
性别[例(%)] 2.509 0.113
40(78.4) 68(66.0)
11(21.6) 35(34.0)
年龄(岁,Mean±SD) 60.3±13.4 55.2±16.2 -1.948 0.053
入院时间[h,M(Q1,Q3)] 1.3(1.0,1.6) 1.5(1.0,2.0) 2.102 0.037
基础疾病[例(%)]
高血压 12(23.5) 20(19.4) 0.350 0.554
糖尿病 1(2.0) 9(8.7) 1.585 0.208
致伤原因[例(%)] 1.487 0.475
交通伤 31(60.8) 54(52.4)
摔跌伤 12(23.5) 34(33.0)
其他 8(15.7) 15(14.6)
入院GCS评分(分,Mean±SD) 3.6±1.0 5.5±1.8 8.585 <0.001
脑疝[例(%)] 48(94.1) 75(72.8) 9.627 0.002
颅底骨折[例(%)] 24(47.1) 51(49.5) 0.082 0.774
tIVH[例(%)] 5(9.8) 11(10.7) 0.028 0.867
PTCI[例(%)] 25(49.0) 10(9.7) 30.015 <0.001
实验室检查指标[M(Q1,Q3)]
白细胞计数(×109/L) 15.2(11.1,19.3) 15.1(10.7,17.7) -0.687 0.493
血小板计数(×109/L) 179.0(135.0,231.0) 204.0(160.0,249.0) 2.160 0.032
淋巴细胞计数(×109/L) 3.0(1.9,4.3) 2.3(1.4,3.7) -1.709 0.089
血钾水平(mmol/L) 3.1(2.8,3.5) 3.1(2.9,3.5) -0.102 0.919
血钠水平(mmol/L) 140.0(136.0,142.0) 139.0(137.0,141.0) -0.551 0.583
血氯水平(mmol/L) 101.0(100.0,104.0) 101.0(99.0,104.0) -0.703 0.483
血清总钙浓度(mmol/L) 2.1(2.0,2.1) 2.1(2.0,2.2) 2.668 0.008
血糖水平(mmol/L) 10.7(9.0,14.1) 8.7(7.5,10.0) -3.141 0.002
白蛋白(g/L) 38.0(33.0,45.0) 40.0(38.0,42.7) 1.266 0.209
CK-MB(U/L) 87.0(48.0,162.0) 58.0(31.0,99.0) -3.156 0.002
CK(U/L) 251.0(139.0,433.0) 212.0(140.0,351.0) -1.787 0.079
AST(U/L) 48.0(39.0,78.0) 39.0(31.0,52.0) -1.712 0.091
LDH(U/L) 431.0(298.0,831.0) 358.0(276.0,732.0) -1.141 0.256
D-二聚体(mg/L) 31.0(8.4,70.0) 28.2(10.8,50.7) -0.183 0.855
FIB(g/L) 1.4(1.0,2.2) 2.1(1.6,2.6) 2.651 0.009
PT(s) 13.8(12.2,15.3) 12.4(11.7,13.2) -3.915 <0.001
APTT(s) 31.5(25.1,42.1) 26.2(23.9,31.3) -2.844 0.006
TT(s) 20.0(17.5,22.5) 17.4(16.5,19.4) -3.579 0.001
表2 sTBI患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的多因素Logistic回归分析
Tab.2 Multivariate Logistic regression analysis of short-term mortality risk in sTBI patients undergoing decompressive craniectomy
图1 影响因素对sTBI患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险预测能力的ROC曲线分析
Fig.1 ROC curve analysis of the predictive value of influencing factors on short-term mortality risk after decompressive craniectomy in sTBI patients
表3 影响因素预测sTBI患者去骨瓣减压术后短期死亡风险的ROC曲线结果
Tab.3 ROC curve results for predicting short-term mortality risk in sTBI patients after decompressive craniectomy based on influencing factors
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