切换至 "中华医学电子期刊资源库"

中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版) ›› 2024, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (06) : 365 -372. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2024.06.008

临床研究

血清NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平与大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者溶栓后出血转化及预后的关系
张子豪1, 景瑞1, 赵浩1,()   
  1. 1.721000 陕西宝鸡,宝鸡市人民医院神经内科
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-25 出版日期:2024-12-15
  • 通信作者: 赵浩
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省2021年科技计划(2021SF-205)

Relationship between serum NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors and hemorrhagic transformation and prognosis in patients with large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction after thrombolysis

Zihao Zhang1, Rui Jing1, Hao Zhao1,()   

  1. 1.Department of Neurology,Baoji People's Hospital,Baoji 721000,China
  • Received:2024-09-25 Published:2024-12-15
  • Corresponding author: Hao Zhao
引用本文:

张子豪, 景瑞, 赵浩. 血清NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平与大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者溶栓后出血转化及预后的关系[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(06): 365-372.

Zihao Zhang, Rui Jing, Hao Zhao. Relationship between serum NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors and hemorrhagic transformation and prognosis in patients with large artery atherosclerotic cerebral infarction after thrombolysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2024, 14(06): 365-372.

目的

探讨血清核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平与大动脉粥样硬化(LAA)型脑梗死患者溶栓后出血转化(HT)及预后的关系。

方法

选取宝鸡市人民医院神经内科自2019年6月至2023年6月收治的255例行静脉溶栓治疗的LAA型脑梗死患者,根据患者溶栓后是否发生HT 将其分为HT 组与无HT 组。对比2 组患者血清NLRP3 炎症小体及其下游炎症因子[半胱氨酰天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶1(Caspase-1)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18] 水平。术后随访3 个月,根据LAA 型脑梗死患者的预后情况将其分为预后良好组与预后不良组。采用多因素Logistic 回归分析LAA 型脑梗死患者预后不良的影响因素。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子对LAA型脑梗死患者溶栓后发生HT以及预后不良的预测价值。

结果

溶栓后,62例患者发生HT(HT组),193例患者未发生HT(无HT组)。HT组患者血清NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18水平均高于无HT组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析结果显示:血清NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18 单独及联合检测预测LAA 型脑梗死患者溶栓后发生HT 的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.683、0.769、0.700、0.679、0.887,其中联合检测的预测效能最高。随访3个月,184例患者预后良好(预后良好组),71例预后不良(预后不良组)。预后不良组血清NLRP3、发病至溶栓时间、Caspase-1、美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、IL-1β、发生HT 比例、IL-18 水平均高于预后良好组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic 回归分析显示,发病至溶栓时间增加、NIHSS 评分升高、发生HT 及血清NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18 水平升高是LAA 型脑梗死患者预后不良的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC 曲线分析结果显示,血清NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18 单独及联合检测预测LAA 型脑梗死患者预后不良的AUC 分别为0.734、0742、0.672、0.701、0.883,其中联合检测的预测效能最高。

结论

LAA 型脑梗死患者血清NLRP3、Caspase-1、IL-1β、IL-18 水平升高,是患者预后不良的危险因素,联合检测可用于预测患者溶栓后发生HT及预后不良。

Objective

To investigate the relationship between serum nucleotide - binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors and hemorrhagic transformation (HT) and prognosis in patients with large artery atherosclerotic(LAA) cerebral infarction after thrombolysis.

Methods

Two hundred and fifty-five patients with LAA cerebral infarction treated with intravenous thrombolysis in Neurology Department of Baoji People's Hospital between June 2019 and June 2023 were selected,and divided into HT group and non-HT group based on whether they developed HT after thrombolysis. The levels of serum NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors [cysteinyl aspartate specific protease 1 (Caspase-1),interleukin(IL) -1β,IL-18] were compared in two groups.After a 3-month follow-up,the patients with LAA cerebral infarction were divided into a good prognosis group and a poor prognosis group based on their prognosis.Using multivariate Logistic regression,the risk variables for a poor outcome in individuals with LAA cerebral infarction were examined. The predictive value of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors for HT and poor prognosis in LAA cerebral infarction after thrombolysis patients were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results

After thrombolysis,62 patients developed HT (HT group),while 193 patients did not develop HT (non-HT group). The levels of serum NLRP3,Caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 in HT group were higher than those in non-HT group (P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of serum NLRP3,Caspase-1,IL-1β,IL-18 alone and combined detection in predicting HT after thrombolysis in patients with LAA cerebral infarction were 0.683,0.769,0.700,0.679,0.887,respectively,and the combined detection had the highest predictive efficacy. During a 3-month follow-up,184 patients had a good prognosis (good prognosis group) and 71 patients had a poor prognosis (poor prognosis group). The serum NLRP3,time from onset to thrombolysis,Caspase-1,National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS)score,IL-1β,HT ratio and IL-18 level in the poor prognosis group were higher than those in good prognosis group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the increase of time from onset to thrombolysis,the increase of NIHSS score,the occurrence of HT,the increase of serum NLRP3,Caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 levels were independent risk factors for patients' poor prognosis following a cerebral infarction caused by LAA (P<0.05). The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of serum NLRP3,Caspase-1,IL-1β,IL-18 alone and combined detection in predicting the poor prognosis of patients with LAA cerebral infarction were 0.734,0742,0.672,0.701,0.883,respectively,the combined detection had the highest predictive efficiency.

Conclusion

The elevated levels of serum NLRP3,Caspase-1,IL-1β and IL-18 in patients with LAA cerebral infarction are risk factors for poor prognosis,combined detection has a high predictive value for HT and poor prognosis after thrombolysis.

表1 HT组与无HT组患者的临床资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of clinical data between HT group and non-HT group
表2 HT组与无HT组溶栓前NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平比较(ng/L,Mean±SD)
Tab.2 Comparison of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors between HT group and non-HT group before thrombolysis(ng/L,Mean±SD)
图1 NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平预测LAA型脑梗死患者溶栓后发生HT的ROC曲线
Fig.1 ROC curve of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factor levels predicting HT after thrombolysis in patients with LAA cerebral infarction
表3 NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子对LAA型脑梗死患者溶栓后发生HT的预测价值
Tab.3 Predictive value of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factors in the development of HT after thrombolysis in patients with LAA cerebral infarction
表4 预后良好组和预后不良组溶栓前NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平比较(ng/L,Mean±SD)
Tab.4 Comparison of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory cytokines after admission(before thrombolysis)between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group(ng/L,Mean±SD)
表5 预后良好组和预后不良组患者的临床资料比较
Tab.5 Comparison of clinical data between the good prognosis group and the poor prognosis group
项目 预后良好组(n=184) 预后不良组(n=71) χ2/t P
性别[例(%)] 0.440 0.507
103(55.98) 43(60.56)
81(44.02) 28(39.44)
年龄(岁,Mean±SD) 62.89±5.46 64.04±6.05 -1.462 0.145
BMI(kg/m2,Mean±SD) 23.39±1.25 23.64±1.41 -1.380 0.169
吸烟史[例(%)] 37(20.11) 19(26.76) 1.323 0.250
饮酒史[例(%)] 42(22.83) 20(28.17) 0.795 0373
合并症[例(%)]
糖尿病 36(19.57) 19(26.76) 1.568 0.211
高血压 67(36.41) 31(43.66) 1.138 0.286
高脂血症 52(28.26) 24(33.80) 0.752 0.386
发病至溶栓时间(h,Mean±SD) 3.15±0.71 3.46±0.59 -3.268 0.001
NIHSS评分(分,Mean±SD) 11.34±3.26 15.71±3.75 -9.193 <0.001
梗死部位[例(%)] 3.205 0.201
前循环 141(76.63) 48(67.61)
后循环 36(19.57) 17(23.94)
混合型 7(3.80) 6(8.45)
梗死面积[例(%)] 3.423 0.181
腔隙性脑梗死 59(32.06) 25(35.21)
局灶性梗死 84(45.65) 24(33.80)
大面积梗死 41(22.28) 22(30.99)
HT类型[例(%)]
实质性血肿 11(5.98) 8(11.27) 2.079 0.149
出血性梗死 23(12.50) 20(28.17) 8.972 0.003
SBP(mmHg,Mean±SD) 153.89±18.95 156.05±19.33 -0.811 0.418
DBP(mmHg,Mean±SD) 83.54±6.47 85.06±7.14 -1.633 0.104
FBG(mmol/L,Mean±SD) 6.43±1.34 6.67±1.28 -1.298 0.196
TC(mmol/L,Mean±SD) 4.69±1.13 4.83±0.95 -0.925 0.356
TG(mmol/L,Mean±SD) 1.72±0.39 1.77±0.41 -0.905 0.367
HDL-C(mmol/L,Mean±SD) 1.36±0.32 1.29±0.35 1.525 0.129
LDL-C(mmol/L,Mean±SD) 3.02±0.76 3.06±0.84 -0.366 0.715
AST(U/L,Mean±SD) 24.94±3.95 26.01±5.46 -1.733 0.084
ALT(U/L,Mean±SD) 25.26±4.33 26.17±4.75 -1.464 0.145
Scr(μmol/L,Mean±SD) 78.95±8.24 80.31±8.31 -1.179 0.240
BUN(μmol/L,Mean±SD) 5.26±0.95 5.34±1.14 -0.569 0.570
表6 LAA型脑梗死患者溶栓后预后不良的多因素Logistic回归分析
Tab.6 Multivariate logistic regression analysis of poor prognosis after thrombolysis in patients with LAA cerebral infarction
图2 NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平预测LAA型脑梗死患者预后不良的ROC曲线
Fig.2 ROC curve of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factor levels in predicting poor prognosis in patients with LAA cerebral infarction
表7 NLRP3炎症小体及其下游炎症因子水平对LAA型脑梗死患者预后不良的预测价值
Tab.7 Predictive value of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory factor levels in poor prognosis of patients with LAA cerebral infarction
[1]
Chaturvedi S.Diagnosis and management of large artery atherosclerosis[J]. Continuum (Minneap Minn),2023,29(2):486-500. DOI:10.1212/con.0000000000001212.
[2]
李旺俊,王云霞.抽吸联合支架取栓对超时间窗后循环缺血性脑卒中患者脑血灌注的影响[J].中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版),2023,13(6):352-357.DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2023.06.006.Li WJ,Wang YX. Effects of aspiration combine stent for thrombectomy on cerebral blood perfusion in patients with posterior circulation ischemic stroke beyond the time window[J].Chin J Brain Dis Rehabil (Electronic Edition),2023,13(6):352-357.DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2023.06.006.
[3]
Kim TJ,Lee JS,Yoon JS,et al. Optimal use of antithrombotic agents in ischemic stroke with atrial fibrillation and large artery atherosclerosis[J]. Int J Stroke,2023,18(7):812-820. DOI:10.1177/17474930231158211.
[4]
Yu Y,Zhang FL,Qu YM,et al. Intracranial calcification is predictive for hemorrhagic transformation and prognosis after intravenous thrombolysis in non-cardioembolic stroke patients[J].J Atheroscler Thromb,2021,28(4):356-364. DOI:10.5551/jat.55889.
[5]
Spronk E,Sykes G,Falcione S,et al. Hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke and the role of inflammation[J]. Front Neurol,2021,12:661955.DOI:10.3389/fneur.2021.661955.
[6]
Figueroa EG,González-Candia A,Caballero-Román A,et al.Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in hemorrhagic transformation:a therapeutic opportunity for nanoparticles and melatonin[J]. J Neurophysiol,2021,125(6):2025-2033. DOI:10.1152/jn.00638.2020.
[7]
刘杨辉,李天晓,朱良付,等.ASL 评估脑梗死灶血脑屏障通透性及预测血管开通后出血转化的价值[J].中华神经医学杂志,2022,21(9):870-878. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115354-20220516-00343.Liu YH,Li TX,Zhu LF,et al. Values of arterial spin labeling in evaluating blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral infarction lesions and predicting hemorrhage transformation after endovascular recanalization[J].Chin J Neuromed,2022,21(9):870-878.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.cn115354-20220516-00343.
[8]
Zhu H,Jian Z,Zhong Y,et al.Janus kinase inhibition ameliorates ischemic stroke injury and neuroinflammation through reducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation via JAK2/STAT3 pathway inhibition[J]. Front Immunol,2021,12:714943. DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2021.714943.
[9]
Chen H,Guan B,Chen S,et al. Peroxynitrite activates NLRP3 inflammasome and contributes to hemorrhagic transformation and poor outcome in ischemic stroke with hyperglycemia[J]. Free Radic Biol Med,2021,165:171-183.DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.030.
[10]
Cheng X,Ren Z,Jia H,et al. METTL3 mediates microglial activation and blood - brain barrier permeability in cerebral ischemic stroke by regulating NLRP3 inflammasomes through m6A methylation modification[J]. Neurotox Res,2024,42(1):15.DOI:10.1007/s12640-024-00687-2.
[11]
中华医学会神经病学分会,中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组.中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南2018[J].中华神经科杂志,2018,51(9):666-682.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2018.09.004.Chinese Society of Neurology; Chinese Stroke Society. Chinese guidlines for diagnosis and treatment of acute ischemic stroke 2018[J]. Chin J Neurol,2018,51(9):666-682. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2018.09.004.
[12]
张磊,刘建民.美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表[J].中华神经外科杂志,2014,30(1):79.Zhang L,Liu JM. National Institutes of Health stroke scale[J].Chin J Neurosurg,2014,30(1):79.
[13]
杨远芳,滕跃华,邵帅.高信号血管征与大脑中动脉狭窄程度和脑梗死面积的关系研究[J].影像科学与光化学,2022,40(6):1524-1528.DOI:10.7517/issn.1674-0475.220721.Yang YF,Teng YH,Shao S. Study on the relationship between hyperintense vessel sign and the degree of middle cerebral artery stenosis and cerebral infarction area[J]. Imaging Science and Photochemistry,2022,40(6):1524-1528. DOI:10.7517/issn.1674-0475.220721.
[14]
中华医学会神经病学分会,中华医学会神经病学分会脑血管病学组.中国急性脑梗死后出血转化诊治共识2019[J].中华神经科杂志,2019,52(4):252-265. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2019.04.003.Chinese Society of Neurology; Chinese Stroke Society. Consensus on diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhagic transformation after acute ischemic stroke in China 2019[J]. Chin J Neurol,2019,52(4):252-265.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1006-7876.2019.04.003.
[15]
Larrue V,von Kummer RR,Müller A,et al. Risk factors for severe hemorrhagic transformation in ischemic stroke patients treated with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator:a secondary analysis of the European-Australasian Acute Stroke Study(ECASS Ⅱ)[J].Stroke,2001,32(2):438-441.DOI:10.1161/01.str.32.2.438.
[16]
Haggag H,Hodgson C.Clinimetrics:modified Rankin scale(mRS)[J]. J Physiother,2022,68(4):281. DOI:10.1016/j.jphys.2022.05.017.
[17]
王玉兰,魏淑琦,吕敬雷,等.大动脉粥样硬化型脑梗死患者脑微出血与脑动脉狭窄的相关性[J]. 中风与神经疾病杂志,2022,39(4):317-323.DOI:10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2022.0081.Wang YL,Wei SQ,Lyu JL,et al. The relationship between cerebral microbleeds and cerebral artery stenosis in patients with large atherosclerotic cerebral infarction[J]. J Apoplexy Nerv Dis,2022,39(4):317-323.DOI:10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2022.0081.
[18]
李刚,潘晓帆,田雪,等.CT 灌注成像参数及血栓弹力图对急性前循环脑梗死早期神经功能恶化的预测价值分析[J].中华神经创伤外科电子杂志,2024,10(4):226-232. DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2024.04.006.Li G,Pan XF,Tian X,et al. Predictive value of CT perfusion imaging parameters and thromboelogram for early neurological deterioration of acute anterior circulatory cerebral infarction[J].Chin J Neurotrauma Surg (Electronic Edition),2024,10(4):226-232.DOI:10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-9141.2024.04.006.
[19]
Bani-Sadr A,Mechtouff L,De Bourguignon C,et al. Blood-brain barrier permeability and kinetics of inflammatory markers in acute stroke patients treated with thrombectomy[J]. Neurology,2023,101(5):e502-e511.DOI:10.1212/wnl.0000000000207460.
[20]
Arba F,Rinaldi C,Caimano D,et al. Blood - brain barrier disruption and hemorrhagic transformation in acute ischemic stroke:systematic review and meta - analysis[J]. Front Neurol,2020,11:594613.DOI:10.3389/fneur.2020.594613.
[21]
Fu J,Wu H. Structural mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and activation[J]. Annu Rev Immunol,2023,41:301-316.DOI:10.1146/annurev-immunol-081022-021207.
[22]
Zeng X,Liu D,Huo X,et al.Pyroptosis in NLRP3 inflammasomerelated atherosclerosis[J]. Cell Stress,2022,6(10):79-88. DOI:10.15698/cst2022.10.272.
[23]
Liu P,Wang Y,Tian K,et al.Artesunate inhibits macrophage-like phenotype switching of vascular smooth muscle cells and attenuates vascular inflammatory injury in atherosclerosis via NLRP3[J].Biomed Pharmacother,2024,172:116255.DOI:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116255.
[24]
Shao A,Gao S,Wu H,et al. Melatonin ameliorates hemorrhagic transformation via suppression of ROS-induced NLRP3 activation after cerebral ischemia in hyperglycemic rats[J]. Oxid Med Cell Longev,2021,2021:6659282.DOI:10.1155/2021/6659282.
[25]
Xu Y,Fang X,Zhao Z,et al. GPR124 induces NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis in endothelial cells during ischemic injury[J].Eur J Pharmacol,2024,962:176228.DOI:10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176228.
[26]
Bellut M,Papp L,Bieber M,et al. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition alleviates hypoxic endothelial cell death in vitro and protects blood-brain barrier integrity in murine stroke[J]. Cell Death Dis,2021,13(1):20.DOI:10.1038/s41419-021-04379-z.
[27]
Zheng Y,Zhu T,Chen B,et al. Diallyl disulfide attenuates pyroptosis via NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β signaling pathway to exert a protective effect on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats[J]. Int Immunopharmacol,2023,124(Pt B):111030. DOI:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111030.
[1] 张晓宇, 殷雨来, 张银旭. 阿帕替尼联合新辅助化疗对三阴性乳腺癌的疗效及预后分析[J/OL]. 中华乳腺病杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 346-352.
[2] 许杰, 李亚俊, 韩军伟. 两种入路下腹腔镜根治性全胃切除术治疗超重胃癌的效果比较[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 19-22.
[3] 高杰红, 黎平平, 齐婧, 代引海. ETFA和CD34在乳腺癌中的表达及与临床病理参数和预后的关系研究[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 64-67.
[4] 李代勤, 刘佩杰. 动态增强磁共振评估中晚期低位直肠癌同步放化疗后疗效及预后的价值[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(01): 100-103.
[5] 梁孟杰, 朱欢欢, 王行舟, 江航, 艾世超, 孙锋, 宋鹏, 王萌, 刘颂, 夏雪峰, 杜峻峰, 傅双, 陆晓峰, 沈晓菲, 管文贤. 联合免疫治疗的胃癌转化治疗患者预后及术后并发症分析[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 619-623.
[6] 张志兆, 王睿, 郜苹苹, 王成方, 王成, 齐晓伟. DNMT3B与乳腺癌预后的关系及其生物学机制[J/OL]. 中华普外科手术学杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 624-629.
[7] 陈樽, 王平, 金华, 周美玲, 李青青, 黄永刚. 肌肉减少症预测结直肠癌术后切口疝发生的应用研究[J/OL]. 中华疝和腹壁外科杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 639-644.
[8] 关小玲, 周文营, 陈洪平. PTAAR在乙肝相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者短期预后中的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2024, 13(06): 841-845.
[9] 张润锦, 阳盼, 林燕斯, 刘尊龙, 刘建平, 金小岩. EB病毒相关胆管癌伴多发转移一例及国内文献复习[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2024, 13(06): 865-869.
[10] 陈晓鹏, 王佳妮, 练庆海, 杨九妹. 肝细胞癌VOPP1表达及其与预后的关系[J/OL]. 中华肝脏外科手术学电子杂志, 2024, 13(06): 876-882.
[11] 韩加刚, 王振军. 梗阻性左半结肠癌的治疗策略[J/OL]. 中华结直肠疾病电子杂志, 2024, 13(06): 450-458.
[12] 哈丽比热·艾尼瓦尔, 范海, 玉素甫·司马义, 高代熹, 孜拉来·艾尔肯, 李汶洳, 朱国华. PLAT基因在胶质瘤中的作用:联合转录组、单细胞转录组和空间转录组的研究[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(06): 325-333.
[13] 董佳, 王坤, 张莉. 预后营养指数结合免疫球蛋白、血糖及甲胎蛋白对HBV 相关慢加急性肝衰竭患者治疗后预后不良的预测价值[J/OL]. 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版), 2024, 14(06): 555-559.
[14] 王景明, 王磊, 许小多, 邢文强, 张兆岩, 黄伟敏. 腰椎椎旁肌的研究进展[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(09): 846-852.
[15] 郭曌蓉, 王歆光, 刘毅强, 何英剑, 王立泽, 杨飏, 汪星, 曹威, 谷重山, 范铁, 李金锋, 范照青. 不同亚型乳腺叶状肿瘤的临床病理特征及预后危险因素分析[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2024, 18(06): 524-532.
阅读次数
全文


摘要