肌张力障碍的典型特征包括缓慢的不自主运动、姿势异常和肌张力波动，常见于脑瘫儿童，对运动功能、疼痛、睡眠、家庭照护等方面有很大影响，因其病因复杂，目前尚无特效治疗方法。药物及神经外科干预是改善肌张力障碍的重要治疗方法，但其循证依据有限，缺乏临床应用规范。2024年3月，来自6个国家的10个研究中心组成的国际专家小组发布了《脑瘫和肌张力障碍的药物和神经外科治疗：临床实践指南更新》，对2018年发表的干预建议进行了更新和补充，提出了针对脑瘫和肌张力障碍患者使用药物治疗和神经外科干预的10条循证建议，以指导临床应用决策。本文结合我国肌张力障碍诊疗专家共识对该指南的重点内容进行解读，以期为我国脑瘫及肌张力障碍的治疗提供指导和参考。

The typical characteristics of dystonia are slow involuntary movements， abnormal postures， and muscle tone fluctuations， which are common in children with cerebral palsy and have a significant impact on motor function， pain， sleep， and home care. Due to its complex etiology， there is currently no specific treatment method available. Drug and neurosurgical interventions are important treatment methods for improving muscle tone disorders， but their evidence-based basis is limited and lacks clinical application standards. In March 2024， an international expert group consisting of 10 research centers from 6 countries released the “Pharmacological and neurosurgical management of cerebral palsy and dystonia： Clinical practice guideline update”， which updated and supplemented the intervention recommendations published in 2018. It proposed 10 evidence-based recommendations for drug treatment and neurosurgical intervention in patients with cerebral palsy and Muscular Dysfunction to guide clinical application decision-making. This article interprets the key content of this guideline in conjunction with the consensus of Chinese experts in the diagnosis and treatment of muscle tone disorders， in order to provide guidance and reference for the treatment of cerebral palsy and muscle tone disorders in China.