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中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (02) : 72 -80. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.2095-123X.2025.02.002

功能神经外科

血浆5-HT相关基因表达与免疫细胞丰度在糖尿病周围神经病中的作用研究
张衡1, 施歌2, 张泽3, 高振轩1, 杨文强4, 王琦4, 张黎4,()   
  1. 1. 100730 北京,中国医学科学院北京协和医学院
    2. 100069 北京,首都医科大学
    3. 100029 北京,北京大学医学部中日友好医学院
    4. 100029 北京,中日友好医院神经外科
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-28 出版日期:2025-04-15
  • 通信作者: 张黎
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFC2402500)北京市自然科学基金-昌平创新联合基金项目(L244029)中央高水平医院临床科研业务费资助(2022-NHLHCRF-YS-05)国家自然科学基金(81673793、81973628)

Role of plasma 5-HT related gene expression and immune cell abundance in diabetic peripheral neuropathy

Heng Zhang1, Ge Shi2, Ze Zhang3, Zhenxuan Gao1, Wenqiang Yang4, Qi Wang4, Li Zhang4,()   

  1. 1. Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
    2. Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
    3. Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
    4. Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2024-04-28 Published:2025-04-15
  • Corresponding author: Li Zhang
引用本文:

张衡, 施歌, 张泽, 高振轩, 杨文强, 王琦, 张黎. 血浆5-HT相关基因表达与免疫细胞丰度在糖尿病周围神经病中的作用研究[J/OL]. 中华脑科疾病与康复杂志(电子版), 2025, 15(02): 72-80.

Heng Zhang, Ge Shi, Ze Zhang, Zhenxuan Gao, Wenqiang Yang, Qi Wang, Li Zhang. Role of plasma 5-HT related gene expression and immune cell abundance in diabetic peripheral neuropathy[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Brain Diseases and Rehabilitation(Electronic Edition), 2025, 15(02): 72-80.

目的

分析2型糖尿病患者和糖尿病周围神经病(DPN)患者血浆中5-羟色胺(5-HT)相关基因和免疫细胞之间的交互作用,并探讨其在DPN发生中的潜在机制。

方法

选取自2023年1月至9月于中日友好医院神经外科拟行周围神经减压手术的33例DPN患者纳入DPN组,2023年3月至9月招募中日友好医院附近社区20例2型糖尿病患者纳入糖尿病组。通过对2组患者的血浆样本进行转录组学测序,分析5-HT相关基因的表达差异,并运用CIBERSORTx预测2组患者22种免疫细胞的丰度。结合弹性网回归分析,筛选与免疫细胞丰度显著相关的5-HT基因。进一步评估这些基因和免疫细胞变化在DPN发生中的作用。

结果

在DPN患者血液中有23个5-HT相关基因的表达与糖尿病组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且这些基因表达与特定免疫细胞类型的变化密切相关。通过弹性网回归分析,筛选出6个5-HT相关基因:IL6RMAPK1TLR4F2RL1ZC3H13RPS6KB1,这些基因对免疫细胞丰度的影响最显著,且其变化与DPN患者的临床症状密切相关。DPN患者的初始CD4 T细胞和中性粒细胞显著减少,而调节性T细胞的比例增加,其差异改变与DPN的临床症状具有相关性。

结论

血浆中5-HT相关基因表达水平及免疫细胞丰度在DPN发生中具有重要作用,为DPN的早期预警和干预提供了潜在的分子标志物。

Objective

To analyze the interactions between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) related gene expression and immune cell abundance in the plasma of patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and to explore their potential mechanisms in the pathogenesis of DPN.

Methods

Thirty three patients with DPN who were scheduled to undergo peripheral nerve decompression surgery in the Neurosurgery Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January to September 2023 were selected as the DPN group, and 20 patients with type 2 diabetes in the community near China-Japan Friendship Hospital were recruited as the diabetes group from March to September 2023.Transcriptomic sequencing was conducted on plasma samples from patients with diabetes mellitus and DPN to evaluate differences in 5-HT-related gene expression. The CIBERSORTx algorithm was utilized to predict the abundance of 22 types of immune cells in both groups of patients. Elastic net regression analysis was employed to identify 5-HT-related genes significantly associated with immune cell abundance, followed by an assessment of their roles in DPN development.

Results

The expression of 23 5-HT-related genes in the plasma of patients with DPN was significantly different from that of patients with diabetes (P<0.05). These genes were highly correlated with differences in immune cell abundance between the two groups. Elastic net regression analysis identified 6 key 5-HT-related genes: IL6RMAPK1TLR4F2RL1ZC3H13, and RPS6KB1, which showed the most significant impact on immune cell abundance and demonstrated strong correlations with clinical symptoms in DPN patients.Furthermore, initial CD4 T cells and neutrophils were found to be significantly reduced, while regulatory T cell proportions were increased in DPN patients. These immunocyte alterations exhibited associations with DPN clinical manifestations.

Conclusions

These findings highlight the critical roles of plasma 5-HT-related gene expression levels and immune cell abundance in DPN development, offering potential molecular biomarkers for early warning and intervention strategies for DPN.

表1 2组患者的临床资料比较
Tab.1 Comparison of clinical data between two groups
图1 5-HT相关基因的表达水平 A:40个样本中5-HT相关基因表达水平的热图,其中红色代表表达升高,蓝色代表表达下降;B:DPN组与糖尿病组间的差异基因与5-HT相关基因的分布情况,其中红色表示DPN组与糖尿病组间的差异基因,蓝色表示5-HT相关基因,两者间的交集代表了共有基因;C~D:23个在DPN组和糖尿病组间显著差异的5-HT相关基因的GO(C)和KEGG(D)富集分析结果;E:蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络;5-HT:5-羟色胺;DPN:糖尿病周围神经病
Fig.1 Expression levels of 5-HT-related genes
图2 样本中13种免疫细胞的丰度热图
Fig.2 Heatmap of the abundance of 13 immune cell types in the samples
图3 免疫细胞的平均表达水平和分布情况 与糖尿病组比较,aP<0.05;DPN:糖尿病周围神经病
Fig.3 Average expression levels and distribution of immune cells
图4 5-HT相关基因的表达对免疫细胞丰度的影响 A:5-HT相关基因的表达水平与免疫细胞丰度的相关性分布热图;B:5-HT相关基因对免疫细胞丰度的影响的弹性网回归分析结果,柱状图的高低代表了系数大小,红色代表正系数,蓝色代表负系数;C~D:弹性网回归模型对初始状态的CD4 T细胞(C)和中性粒细胞(D)的预测性能
Fig.4 Effect of 5-HT-related gene expression on immune cell abundance
图5 5种免疫细胞丰度与DPN临床特征和量表间的相关性分析结果 A:DPN样本中临床特征;B:DPN临床量表;5-HT:5-羟色胺;DPN:糖尿病周围神经病
Fig.5 Correlation analysis between the abundance of five kinds of immune cells and clinical characteristics and scales of DPN
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